Which structure contains chromosomes and determines the function and structure of the cell?

Which structure contains chromosomes and determines the function and structure of the cell?

• A. Ribosome
• B. Nucleus
• C. Cytoplasm
• D. Cell Membrane

Answer: (B)

The structure that contains chromosomes and determines the function and structure of the cell is the nucleus. Chromosomes inside the nucleus house the cell’s DNA, which carries the genes that instruct which proteins to make and when to make them. Those proteins drive nearly all cellular processes, from metabolism to growth and response to the environment, so the nucleus effectively sets the cell’s activities and characteristics by regulating gene expression. The nucleolus within the nucleus also contributes by producing ribosomal RNA for ribosome assembly, linking genetic information to protein synthesis. Ribosomes are the protein-making machines themselves but do not contain chromosomes. The cytoplasm is the fluid that surrounds organelles and hosts many metabolic activities, while the cell membrane encloses the cell and controls material exchange; neither contains chromosomes.

The structure that contains chromosomes and determines the function and structure of the cell is the nucleus. Chromosomes inside the nucleus house the cell’s DNA, which carries the genes that instruct which proteins to make and when to make them. Those proteins drive nearly all cellular processes, from metabolism to growth and response to the environment, so the nucleus effectively sets the cell’s activities and characteristics by regulating gene expression. The nucleolus within the nucleus also contributes by producing ribosomal RNA for ribosome assembly, linking genetic information to protein synthesis.

Ribosomes are the protein-making machines themselves but do not contain chromosomes. The cytoplasm is the fluid that surrounds organelles and hosts many metabolic activities, while the cell membrane encloses the cell and controls material exchange; neither contains chromosomes.